is there a way to tell inkscape to never print an object or layer (eg to hide it from print but not from screen) ?
goal is to have templates with labels shapes to draw on it, but we dont want to print the shapes...

I apologize if my question is stupid, im new to inkscape

I don't know of any way to do this with inkscape out of the box. Two suggestion: first) put labels on a separate layer so it's easy to turn them off and on for printing purposes, otherwise) you could write a custom extension to do this. The extension could either be relatively simple: hiding and revealing labels, or if your more adventurous: you could look into writing a custom print extension.

p.s. I doubt this is what you are referring to by attribute in the title, but there is a display:none versus display:inline setting that can be added to your elements' style attributes.

Yes I currently started with a dedicated layer for labels, as your first suggestion. Implementing an extension is perhaps a solution, I will see that. If I correctly understand the display style attribute description on svg.org, it can not help me.

AFAIU the norm svg has no knowledge of final device (printer, display, etc..) and if a solution exists it's not part of svg