Is there a way to move all objects in all layers by a specific distance in a specific direction?

By resizing page to content at the document's properties (Shift+Ctrl+D) you basically do that.

You can go to Edit -> Select All In All Layers (Ctrl +Alt + A) and then perform a Transform (Shift + Ctrl + M).

EDIT: it might be necessary to temporarily group all objects for the transform.

Box-select them all, then transform (Shift+Ctrl+M) also works AFAIK.

None of these works for me. I am trying to move everything 100 pixels to the right and it does work but the problem is that everything that lands to the right of the original right border becomes invisible.

That is how borders work, they define the area which gets rendered when viewed with a browser.
Or the problem occures in inkscape?
Then maybe you are using clipping/masking somewhere?

If you can describe a bit more/attach an example file we may give you a more focused answer.

I found the solution. I found another one who had exactly the same problem, using the same application to create the svg: viewtopic.php?t=9680

Rant:

Please, try to put all the information you have at the beginning

The web page from where you exported your document is Open Street Map. It's not a secret at all!.
The solution can help to others if it's easy to find.


It's good you get the solution

Greetings