Hi.
For the dots, a simple radial gradient would be fine.
To "bend" a gradient along a path, you can try
this hack.
Other solution: duplicate the shape -blue fill in the example-, add red fill and some blur, then use a duplicant of it for clipping.
Not exact, can be fine-tuned, but the concept is there.
If you need it as vectors, you can draw an inset of the path, and interpolate between the original and the inset,
and interpolate fill color between the paths.
Example svg with the effect:
https://openclipart.org/detail/28360/guitar.
Also, there is another less automated-not so well maintained-not featured yet by default-out of the svg specs- solution, to use
gradient meshes.
http://www.inkscapeforum.com/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=18292